Examining the experiences of parents and caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder around aquatic environments

Abstract

Through transcendental phenomenological qualitative research we investigated the experiences of parents and caregivers of children with ASD when accessing water environments. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect data with 12 parents (N=12). Results were grouped into two clusters. Experiences and perspectives on aquatic environment and recreational swimming included the themes: safety is the priority, attraction to water, acceptance of children with ASD in aquatic environments, and therapeutic benefits. Experiences and perspectives on swimming lessons included the themes; making lesson accessible, teaching methods, teach the teacher, and the impact on pride, independence, and normalcy. Findings suggest participation in water activities has a positive effect on children with ASD. Enrollment in swimming lessons can promote safe encounters with water for children with ASD. Parents identified barriers to accessing aquatic programming. Recommendations are provided for improvements to current swim programming and other aquatic environments.